The pruning technology of kiwi fruit is the standard, concise and systematic pruning technique of kiwi fruit in the late 1990s. "More shoots less branch" title is the source of the original corresponding "short cut long" pruning method is put forward, from the practical and the purpose of practice, from the operation level general expression pruning technology of kiwi fruit production plant level and the influence of the embodiment of the high quality, become a new utility agricultural technology service industry, promote the industry, promoting industrial model.
In order to adapt to the new situation development, advancing with The Times, in combination with kiwi fruit development present situation and characteristics of both at home and abroad, the technology of kiwi fruit bud little branches more "" clip modified and perfected, the kiwi" more shoots less branch pruning technology "modify the upgrade version, hope to render dedication of the kiwifruit industry -- -- -- -- -- -
I. definition of pruning technology of "multiple shoots and few branches"
It was first proposed for the winter pruning of kiwi fruit, resulting in the retention of long (leaves). Popular speak be clip kiwi fruit tree in winter (prostagland result tree), the plane surface results mother branches to ensure the following scope of normal production, minimize the branch number, increase the amount of single mother branches shoot, and each tree did not reduce the total number of shoots.

Iii. Core content of "multiple shoots and few branches" (the concept of binarization)
1. Quantitative pruning: every link, every operation strives for quantization and data. Quantitative concept is the distinguishing feature of precision agriculture and modern agriculture.
2. Simplified pruning: each technology pursues a simplification and simplification. Strive for one-step operation, remove the cumbersome and obscure theory, direct to the effect of pruning. Embody the practical technology, one see to understand, one study will, one use the purpose of the spirit.

4. "multiple shoots and fewer branches" pruning technology (spring, summer, autumn -- -wipe, pick, sparse)
1. Early spring buds: "early" is a distinctive feature of the matting. Everybody knows, especially the planting history and experience of growers know, kiwi fruit under normal circumstances, the basic phenomenon GuaGuo or less GuaGuo does not exist, most in the early fruit and overload state, unless the climate and the management there are serious defects. Therefore, how to adjust the appropriate load of tree body through human measures has become the most basic work of adult tree management. Since it is a bud, it must have the appearance of a bud. The sprout of kiwifruit is the young shoots within 3 cm of germination, which is the best bud for the first time. Erasure objects include: thin and weak buds, overshoot, and buds, whorls and buds. At this time there are some buds appear or not cannot confirm buds function and nature, need to 5 cm long - 8 cm for the second time, then to erase is late germination, deformity bud, results female branches of the upper or the top nutrition sprouts, moderate growth shoots extra. General requirements, the time of the sprout is in the early stage of the Chinese variety, the taste buds are now in the middle stage; Secondly, the Chinese variety wiped out 50% of the total bud amount (the specific combination of the germination rate and variety habit), and the delicious variety was wiped out 30%, otherwise, it would not be effective.
2. In summer, the heart can be redrawn: "heavy" has two meanings, one is to be important, and the other is to attach importance to it. In technology, explain to pick a heart must first understand clearly, distribution in kiwi fruit name all the branches on the surface of the frame, function and nature, otherwise, cannot classification processing, discriminate, personality management.
2.1. According to the location: there are peripheral branches on the kiwifruit plane, medium bore branch, inner chamber branch, and the base of the sprout tiller, etc.
2.2. According to nature: there are fruiting branches (in the form of long fruit branches, medium fruit branches, short fruiting branches, shortening of fruit branches); Vegetative shoot (growth branch, vegetative nutrition branch).
2.3. According to the growth: there are thin branches, strong branches (medium branches), and long branches.
In order to sort out the large branches, it is necessary to find out which branches are the only ones that bear the task of hanging fruit, and which are the ones to be cultivated for next year. In general, the canopy external basic is given priority to with the result, is the main body, when the output of the chamber and close to the main tendril update (branch) is the following result mother branches around the training site, therefore, remember: peripheral branches promote fruit, bore to promote control is the key.
Can go it alone, in short, umbrella tree, two way outside the wire (40-50 cm) from the trunk all the fruit in the fruit section above for 2-3 leaf pick heart for the first time, for two tendril tree near the main stem 15-25 cm outside of the fruit in a fruit section above for 2-3 leaf pick heart for the first time, after the eruption secondary branch stay for 2 to 3 second pick heart, general fruit pick heart after twice, because the tree vegetative growth to reproductive growth, collateral germination ability greatly abate, again without considering pick the heart.
Bore or update preparatory branches around the Lord tendril, general first pick to needs in the branches to winter long length, the length to half space for common requirements, such as space is 4 m, update the branch for the first time the heart is point to 2 meters long branches the heart, and so on. Of course, I am worried that the twig will affect the ventilation and light, or the twigs can be taken before the branches are wrapped, and the secondary branches can be used as the new branches. The first time the fruiting branch is at the end of the bud, the sooner the better.
It is the key and difficult point of the summer branch to pick the heart. This kind of branch can be treated with the "center of the heart" method. Is when water sprout length to 3-5 bud early heavy heart, to control its growth, pick heart can germinate after two or more secondary branch, the use of secondary branch and infinite growth, moderate water sprout growth potential, to make it from virtual goods to moderate strong potential, this is "the heart turn". The secondary branches of the twig or the long fruiting branch were the regeneration branches, and the infinite length was placed in the middle of the row.
In the process of picking the heart, it also carries on: qiao shu lei. The position of fruiting branches, the growth potential, the variety characteristics as the basic basis of the bud. Pairs of buds (ear buds), deformed buds, top buds, and buds in the bud early, the sooner the better. The outer fruit-bearing branches can be left 5-6 buds, and the middle can be 3-4 buds in the middle, and 1-2 buds on the slender branches.
3. Autumn must be thin branches: summer especially in high temperature season in July, canopy leaf curtain level requirements can be properly closed, to reduce burning and heat harm, but gradually into the high temperature in late August after the end of the fruit of the transformation of organic matter accumulation phase, be sure to intensify branches, guarantee the canopy light transmittance in 30%, otherwise, the closure of the canopy adverse fruit internal quality assurance, and easy to cause the harm infection outbreak of various diseases and insect pests. Thinning branches with branches, thin branches, long branches, overlapping branches, crossing branches are the focal points.

5. Pruning technology of "multiple shoots and fewer branches"
1. Results: the amount of cuttings of the female branch: no matter the variety, tree shape and frame, the square area of the single plant is calculated. If the distance is 4 m by 2 meters, the single plant area is 4 meters by 2 meters =8 square meters, and so on. It has been proved that 1.5-2.0 per square meter is the best branch. If the number of cuttings of the branch is calculated according to the distance, it is advisable to reserve 3 results per meter. The germination rate was about 65% without frost and cold, and 1.5 per square meter. The germination rate was about 55% in the late frost area, with 2.0 per square metre.
2. Results: the number of buds of the female branches: the number of buds on the single result depends on the row spacing (planting density) and the branch potential (tree potential). In general, the average bud spacing of the Chinese department is 10 cm, and the length of the branch is required to be half the length of the row, for example, the distance of 4 meters is half to 2 meters, and the remaining buds are 18 to 20 (full buds), even more. The buds are 13 to 15 cm apart, and the length of the branches is 2 meters, leaving buds 13-15 buds (full buds).
3. The mother zhizhi potential requirements: emphasis on shear middle branches, 1-1.5 cm thick, coarse degree avoid false prosperous turion 2.0 centimeters of above 1.0 cm and the roughness of the thin branches, keep shear roughness close to leave the mother branches, branches potential.
4. The number of fruit buds per square area: after the winter shear of each square meter, the number of buds will be taken as the reference standard, and the number of buds will be 250 to 350.

6. Pruning technique of "multiple shoots and fewer branches" (pruning, shearing, etc.)
1. One contraction: for the single umbrella tree, the trunk is the center, and the distance from the trunk is 40 to 50 cm (two wire). In the case of a stem or a stem of a tree, with the main tendril as the center, the branches on both sides of the main branch 20 to 25 cm apart, the remaining branches are concentrated on either side of the main branch (or on the main branch).
2. The second section: according to the row spacing and single branch bud amount determined results mother branches (update branch) shear pin position and length of cut, the mother cut mouth roughness and bore thin requirements in 0.8 centimeters to fill empty branches cut cut is advisable.
3. Three branches: the branch of the inner chamber and the main branch (upper) of the crown and the main branch of the tree were pruned and pruned. The number of female branches of single - dried umbrella is cut by the square area of single plant. For a tendril bine or for two tree cut in addition to the square area is calculated according to the individual occupies mother leave the branch number, and in strict accordance with the parity of each side, distance between 30 cm in the female branches of equidistance wear the wrong arrangement.

7. Pruning technique tree body reaction (pruning performance, comprehensive advantage)
1. Systematic consideration: the winter shear is the continuation of summer shear, and the summer shear is the foundation of the winter shear, and the two are inseparable. "Bud little branches more" technology, no matter the cultivation of the mother branches from the result of the summer, the mother of location selection, the mother function design, results from winter or the number of branches, moderate growth stability results female potential conversion, zhizhi results female branch performance control, which embody the continuity of time and space, individual and overall coordination.
2. The humanized management: focuses on their production quality, and it is sex advanced production control in advance, on the basis of sprouting and thin buds, fruit thinning is not "bud little branches more" technical system, and in contrast to the real production, reveal long tree result balance, the continuation of the economic life of trees, resistance increases, the fruit quality assurance function significantly.
3. Simplified operation: the summer pruning in accordance with the requirements for "more shoots less branch pruning technology, only a tree growing season for operation, basic grasp the essentials, DongJian anyone without management experience can be carried out, because leaves behind the surface need to cut off the branches and need to keep the be clear at a glance.
4. Clarification position: a result tree body, is an organization, a group, a unit. Only a clear division of responsibilities, clear subordination, and reasonable role configuration will lead to various functions, harmonious coexistence and win-win cooperation. The pruning technique of "multiple shoots and fewer branches" emphasizes the nature and function of each branch of the plane, which reflects the value and function of the branches. The principal attack yield of this result is used to raise the tree of the branch of the female branch in the next year, and bear the full force of the present (that year's output), and take into account the long-term (the next year's renewal).
5. Artistic performance: fruit cultivation is the content of the category of horticulture, but at home, because of the influence of national conditions and the traditional culture, our basic reflects the practical function, fruit cultivation is the emphasis on yield and benefit, often haste makes waste. "Multiple shoots and fewer branches" pruning technology, the pursuit and performance of the practical priority, reflecting the high yield and high quality, while not dare to forget the garden art of the natural and ecological beauty of the composition display. This is based on the proper processing of all branches of the tree canopy, the hierarchical arrangement, the robust and consistent growth, resulting in the fruits of the beauty, the beauty of the heart.

Viii. Application conditions of "multiple shoots and few branches" (technical support, standard management)
1. Ramming foundation: good pruning technique requires good tree body implementation and performance, and the cultivation of robust tree potential is the prerequisite for the pruning technology of "multiple shoots and fewer branches". Soil improvement, fertilizer supply, water management, pollination, and plant protection are indispensable.
2. Fine management: refined management is not required to invest too much energy and energy, but to grasp the key, grasp the key, and grasp the details. Once the technology is in hand, the management will enter the free kingdom from the inevitable kingdom.
3. Mature tree: the pruning technology is suitable for tree planting. It is more than 5 years old and the Chinese tree is more than 4 years old.
4. Moderate scale: farmers since the species, the family farm, match the planting scale and labor force, labor force infrastructure and training conditions have to do business, "more shoots less branch pruning technology will play their effect.